How To Set Static Ip Ubuntu Server 20 04

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23-11-2024

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Setting a static IP address on your Ubuntu 20.04 server ensures consistent network access, crucial for servers and other always-on devices. This guide provides a step-by-step approach, covering both the command line and the NetworkManager GUI method. We'll also troubleshoot common issues.

Method 1: Setting a Static IP using Netplan (Command Line)

Netplan is the default network management tool in Ubuntu 20.04. This method uses a configuration file, offering better control and version management.

Step 1: Identify Your Network Interface

First, determine your server's network interface name. Use this command:

ip a

Look for the interface connected to your network (e.g., eth0, enp0s3, wlan0). Note the name; you'll need it in the next steps.

Step 2: Locate the Netplan Configuration File

The Netplan configuration file is usually located at /etc/netplan/. There's typically only one .yaml file; the name might include your server's hostname. For instance, it could be 01-network-manager-all.yaml or similar. You can list the files using:

ls /etc/netplan/

Step 3: Edit the Netplan Configuration File

Use your preferred text editor (like nano or vim) to open the configuration file:

sudo nano /etc/netplan/<your_config_file>.yaml

Replace <your_config_file> with the actual filename.

Step 4: Configure Static IP Settings

Within the file, you'll find a section for your network interface. Modify it to include your static IP settings. Below is an example. Adjust the values to match your network configuration.

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    <your_interface_name>: # Replace with your interface name (e.g., enp0s3)
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [ <your_static_ip>/<subnet_mask> ] #Example: 192.168.1.100/24
      gateway4: <your_gateway> # Example: 192.168.1.1
      nameservers:
          addresses: [<your_dns_server>] # Example: 8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4

• <your_static_ip>: Your desired static IP address.
• <subnet_mask>: Your subnet mask (e.g., 24, 16, etc.).
• <your_gateway>: Your default gateway IP address.
• <your_dns_server>: Your DNS server IP address(es). You can use Google's public DNS (8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4) if needed.

Save and close the file.

Step 5: Apply the Changes

Apply the new configuration:

sudo netplan apply

Step 6: Verify the IP Address

Check if the static IP is applied correctly using:

ip a

You should now see your static IP address assigned to the interface.

Method 2: Using the NetworkManager GUI (Graphical User Interface)

If you have a desktop environment installed, NetworkManager provides a graphical way to set a static IP.

1. Open Network Settings: This varies depending on your desktop environment. Look for a network icon in your system tray or search for "Network Settings".

2. Select Your Connection: Choose the wired or wireless connection you want to configure.

3. Edit Connection: Click "Edit" or a similar option.

4. Configure IPv4 Settings: Switch from "Automatic (DHCP)" to "Manual". Enter your static IP, netmask, gateway, and DNS server addresses.

5. Save Changes: Save the changes and apply them.

6. Verify the IP Address: Check your IP address using ip a in the terminal.

Troubleshooting

• Failed to apply Netplan: Check for syntax errors in your .yaml file. Even a small mistake will prevent netplan apply from working.

• IP address conflicts: Ensure the chosen IP address isn't already in use on your network.

• No internet connectivity: Verify your gateway, DNS server settings, and that your network cables are properly connected. Also check your firewall rules.

This guide should help you successfully configure a static IP address on your Ubuntu 20.04 server. Remember to replace the placeholder values with your actual network details. Always back up your configuration files before making any changes.