How To Set Static Ip In Ubuntu

3 min read 23-11-2024

Setting a static IP address in Ubuntu offers several advantages, including consistent network access even after reboots and easier network configuration for servers and devices needing a dedicated address. This guide will walk you through the process using both the command line (for advanced users) and the NetworkManager graphical interface (for beginners). Remember to replace placeholder values like your_ip, your_netmask, your_gateway, and your_dns with your actual network settings provided by your internet service provider (ISP) or network administrator.

Method 1: Using the Command Line (Advanced Users)

This method involves directly editing configuration files. It's powerful but requires careful attention to detail. A mistake can disrupt your network connection.

Step 1: Identify Your Network Interface

First, determine the name of your network interface. Use the following command:

ip link show

This will list all your network interfaces. Look for the interface connected to your network (e.g., eth0, enp0s3, wlan0). Note the name; we'll use it in subsequent steps. Let's assume your interface is named eth0 for this example.

Step 2: Edit the Network Configuration File

Next, open the network interface configuration file using your preferred text editor (like nano or vim):

sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml  # Or the appropriate .yaml file.

You might have a different file name. Check the /etc/netplan/ directory to find the relevant .yaml file. If unsure, use ls /etc/netplan/ to list the files.

Step 3: Configure Static IP Settings

Add or modify the following lines within the file, replacing the placeholders with your network settings:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0: # Replace eth0 with your interface name
      dhcp4: no
      addresses:
        - your_ip/your_netmask # Example: 192.168.1.100/24
      gateway4: your_gateway # Example: 192.168.1.1
      nameservers:
          addresses: [your_dns] # Example: 8.8.8.8

your_ip: Your static IP address.
your_netmask: Your subnet mask (e.g., /24, /16).
your_gateway: Your default gateway address (usually your router's IP).
your_dns: Your preferred DNS server address (e.g., 8.8.8.8 for Google Public DNS). You can add multiple DNS servers.

Save and close the file.

Step 4: Apply the Changes

Apply the changes by running:

sudo netplan apply

Verify the changes with:

ip addr show eth0

You should now see your static IP address configured.

Method 2: Using NetworkManager (GUI - Beginner-Friendly)

NetworkManager provides a user-friendly graphical interface for managing network settings.

Step 1: Open Network Settings

Open the Network settings from your system settings menu. The exact location might vary depending on your Ubuntu version and desktop environment. Look for an icon that resembles network connections.

Step 2: Edit Wired or Wireless Connection

Locate the wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi) connection you want to configure. Click on it to open its properties.

Step 3: Configure Static IP

Select the "IPv4" or "IPv6" tab (depending on the IP version you are configuring). Change the method from "Automatic (DHCP)" to "Manual". Enter your static IP address, netmask, gateway, and DNS server addresses as before.

Step 4: Save and Apply

Save the changes. Your connection will be re-established with the new static IP address.

Troubleshooting

No Internet Access: Double-check your IP address, netmask, gateway, and DNS settings for accuracy.
Connection Errors: Ensure your network cable is properly connected (for wired connections).
File Permissions: Make sure you use sudo when editing configuration files.

This comprehensive guide should help you confidently set a static IP in your Ubuntu system. Remember to always back up your configuration files before making changes. If you encounter problems, consult the Ubuntu documentation or community forums for further assistance. Using a static IP address is a common server configuration practice, and mastering this skill is valuable for system administrators and network engineers.